The basics to Film makeup

When thinking about the basics of makeup within Film, there are 3 broad categories:


Basic: designed to compensate for undesirable changes in appearance introduced by the television process. 
Corrective: deigned to enhance positive attributes and downplay flaws. 
Character: which introduces major changes in appearance.   

All play a big role within film as all are present and important when first starting out within Film makeup.

BASIC, makeup is to smooth over and create natural and everyday looks within film. This example from  She's the Man shows Viola's transition into her brother Sebastian. Even though it was a change in gender, the makeup was kept minimal using a base foundation and gentle contour to broden the face to give a masculine look. The basic step is used in many productions for a soft look when picked up by camera. 
Figure 1: She's the Man screenshot (Enews 2006)



CORRECTIVE, is makeup focusing on sculpting the face, defining and creating bone structure. Within this example of Angelina Jolie in Maleficent, the use of skin prothetic was used to sculpt her defined cheekbones. However, the use of corrective makeup was used to deepen and exaggerate her facial structure. the black corrective lines on her cheekbone and jaw line against the white base extended the look to harden overall appearance giving her a mystical alien feel to her character. 

Figure 2: Maleficent (Fanpop 2014)

CHARACTER, this step is mainly seen in big feature films and Sci fi genres, due to the extent of work that makeup artists have to go though to create the character. A good example of this step is in Hellboy. Jake Garber explained that he needed Ron Perlman 4 hours before shooting was scheduled, to help get him into his skin prosthetics. In the video linked below shows a a few screenshots of the process of Hellboy's character transformation, from measuring skin for prosthetics and applying correctly for Ron Perlman's comfort throughout shooting. 
Figure 3: Hellboy (IMDB 2008)

References: 
- Cyber collage (2013) Makeup for television and film. Retrieved from 
      http://www.cybercollege.com/makeup.htm
- How stuff works (2009) Hellboy Makeup: An interview with Jake Garber. retrieved from 
       http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/arts/comic-books/hb-makeup3.htm- 

- Enews (2006) She's the Man screenshot retrieved from; 
http://www.eonline.com/photos/8948/amanda-bynes-biggest-roles/288508
- Fanpop (2014) Maleficent retrieved from: 
http://www.fanpop.com/clubs/maleficent-2014/images/36791235/title/maleficent-photo
-MBD (2008) Hellboy retrieved from: 
http://m.imdb.com/title/tt0411477/mediaviewer/rm298518784

- Hellboy (2009) YouTube 
Retrived from:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rzbzOFKQQcU